Att övervaka diskutrymmet är en grundläggande men viktig komponent i proaktiv IT-support, avgörande för att minska antalet supportärenden och upprätthålla systemets hälsa och stabilitet. Att ha ont om diskutrymme kan naturligtvis leda till en mängd problem och klagomål från användare – från programfel till fullständiga systemkrascher – så att skapa varningar för när diskutrymmet sjunker under en viss gräns är ett bra sätt att förhindra detta. I det här inlägget går vi igenom hur du kontrollerar diskkapacitet och varnar för lågt diskutrymme på distans, för hela din användarbas. Hur kan jag kontrollera hårddiskutrymmet på distans och skicka en varning när diskutrymmet är slut?
- Identifiera vilka enheter du vill övervaka och vilka (om några) du vill utesluta.
- Bestäm vilka tröskelvärden för diskutrymme du vill ange för varje typ av enhet.
- Anpassa skriptet nedan i enlighet med detta.
Detta PowerShell-skript är utformat för att varna för enheter som understiger en angiven procentsats eller storlek. Den skiljer mellan systemdiskar (de som används för att starta operativsystemet) och datadiskar och ger en omfattande översikt över hur mycket diskutrymme som används. Skriptet är mångsidigt och anpassningsbart, så att du kan ställa in parametrar för system- och dataenheter separat. Du kan ange minsta lediga utrymme i både procent och bytes, och även exkludera vissa enheter från kontrollen. Denna flexibilitet är idealisk för alla IT-proffs eller IT-leverantörer.
Skript för övervakning av diskutrymme:
#Requires -Version 2.0 <# .SYNOPSIS Alert on drive(s) that fall below a specified % or size. Distinguishes between System and Data drives. .DESCRIPTION Alert on drive(s) that fall below a specified % or size. Distinguishes between System and Data drives. The system drive is the drive(s) that are used to boot the OS. .EXAMPLE -SystemDriveMinFreePercent 10 -SystemDriveMinFreeBytes 10GB -DataDriveMinFreePercent 20 -DataDriveMinFreeBytes 20GB This checks all Drives .EXAMPLE -ExcludeDrivesCustomField "C,Z" -SystemDriveMinFreePercentCustomField "SystemDriveMinFreePercent" -SystemDriveMinFreeBytes "SystemDriveMinFreeBytes" -DataDriveMinFreePercent "DataDriveMinFreePercent" -DataDriveMinFreeBytes "DataDriveMinFreeBytes" This checks all Drives, except for C: and Z:. Use this if you wish to to custom fields to specify the values from roles or globally. This will pull the values from custom fields that would have otherwise been used from parameters. .EXAMPLE -ExcludeDrivesByNameCustomField "NoMonitor" -SystemDriveMinFreePercentCustomField "SystemDriveMinFreePercent" -SystemDriveMinFreeBytes "SystemDriveMinFreeBytes" -DataDriveMinFreePercent "DataDriveMinFreePercent" -DataDriveMinFreeBytes "DataDriveMinFreeBytes" This checks all Drives, except where a drive name/label contains the text "NoMonitor". Use this if you wish to to custom fields to specify the values from roles or globally. This will pull the values from custom fields that would have otherwise been used from parameters. .EXAMPLE No Parameters Specified This checks all Drives with the defaults: SystemDriveMinFreePercent 10% SystemDriveMinFreeBytes 10GB DataDriveMinFreePercent 20% DataDriveMinFreeBytes 20GB .OUTPUTS None .NOTES Minimum OS Architecture Supported: Windows 7, Windows Server 2012 R2 Release Notes: Initial Release (c) 2023 NinjaOne By using this script, you indicate your acceptance of the following legal terms as well as our Terms of Use at https://www.ninjaone.com/terms-of-use. Ownership Rights: NinjaOne owns and will continue to own all right, title, and interest in and to the script (including the copyright). NinjaOne is giving you a limited license to use the script in accordance with these legal terms. Use Limitation: You may only use the script for your legitimate personal or internal business purposes, and you may not share the script with another party. Republication Prohibition: Under no circumstances are you permitted to re-publish the script in any script library or website belonging to or under the control of any other software provider. Warranty Disclaimer: The script is provided “as is” and “as available”, without warranty of any kind. NinjaOne makes no promise or guarantee that the script will be free from defects or that it will meet your specific needs or expectations. Assumption of Risk: Your use of the script is at your own risk. You acknowledge that there are certain inherent risks in using the script, and you understand and assume each of those risks. Waiver and Release: You will not hold NinjaOne responsible for any adverse or unintended consequences resulting from your use of the script, and you waive any legal or equitable rights or remedies you may have against NinjaOne relating to your use of the script. EULA: If you are a NinjaOne customer, your use of the script is subject to the End User License Agreement applicable to you (EULA). #> [CmdletBinding()] param ( [Parameter()] [String] $ExcludeDrives, $ExcludeDrivesCustomField, # If set, get value from a custom field with this name. [String] $ExcludeDrivesByName, $ExcludeDrivesByNameCustomField, # If set, get value from a custom field with this name. $SystemDriveMinFreePercent = 10, $SystemDriveMinFreePercentCustomField, # If set, get value from a custom field with this name. $SystemDriveMinFreeBytes = 10GB, $SystemDriveMinFreeBytesCustomField, # If set, get value from a custom field with this name. $DataDriveMinFreePercent = 20, $DataDriveMinFreePercentCustomField, # If set, get value from a custom field with this name. $DataDriveMinFreeBytes = 20GB, $DataDriveMinFreeBytesCustomField # If set, get value from a custom field with this name. ) begin { function Get-Size { param ( [string]$String ) switch -wildcard ($String) { '*PB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^d+]+') * 1PB; break } '*TB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^d+]+') * 1TB; break } '*GB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^d+]+') * 1GB; break } '*MB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^d+]+') * 1MB; break } '*KB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^d+]+') * 1KB; break } '*B' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^d+]+') * 1; break } '*Bytes' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^d+]+') * 1; break } Default { [int64]$($String -replace '[^d+]+') * 1 } } } function Get-FriendlySize { param($Bytes) # Converts Bytes to the highest matching unit $Sizes = 'Bytes,KB,MB,GB,TB,PB,EB,ZB' -split ',' for ($i = 0; ($Bytes -ge 1kb) -and ($i -lt $Sizes.Count); $i++) { $Bytes /= 1kb } $N = 2 if ($i -eq 0) { $N = 0 } if ($Bytes) { "$([System.Math]::Round($Bytes,$N)) $($Sizes[$i])" }else { "0 B" } } function Invoke-DiskAlert { param ( [PSObject[]]$Drives ) $Drives | ForEach-Object { $Type = if ($_.IsSystemDrive) { "SystemDrive" }else { "DataDrive" } $Drive = $_ if ($Drive.totalSpace -and $Drive.freeSpace / $Drive.totalSpace * 100 -lt $Settings."$Type".MinFreePercent) { Write-Output "$Type ($($Drive.driveName)) free space is under $($Settings."$Type".MinFreePercent)% at $(Get-FriendlySize -Bytes $Drive.freeSpace)" } elseif ($Drive.freeSpace -lt $Settings.$Type.MinFreeBytes) { Write-Output "$Type ($($Drive.driveName)) free space is under $(Get-FriendlySize -Bytes $Settings."$Type".MinFreeBytes) at $(Get-FriendlySize -Bytes $Drive.freeSpace)" } } } function Get-Drive { param([string]$DriveName) if ($(Get-Command -Name "Get-CimInstance")) { Get-CimInstance -Query "select * from Win32_DiskDrive" | Where-Object { $_.Size } | ForEach-Object { $d = $_ $d | ForEach-Object { $Disk = $_ $p = Get-CimInstance -Query "ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskDrive.DeviceID='$($Disk.DeviceID)'} WHERE AssocClass = Win32_DiskDriveToDiskPartition" $p | ForEach-Object { $Partition = $_ Get-CimInstance -Query "ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskPartition.DeviceID='$($Partition.DeviceID)'} WHERE AssocClass = Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition" | ForEach-Object { $ld = $_ [PSCustomObject]@{ driveName = $ld.DeviceId # C: IsSystemDrive = if ($p | Where-Object { $_.BootPartition }) { $true }else { $false } freeSpace = $ld.FreeSpace # in bytes totalSpace = $ld.Size # in bytes fileSystem = $ld.FileSystem # NTFS physicalName = $d.Name # .PHYSICALDRIVE2 diskName = $d.Caption # WDC WD5001AALS-xxxxxx diskModel = $d.Model # WDC WD5001AALS-xxxxxx diskInterface = $d.InterfaceType # IDE mediaStatus = $d.Status # OK volumeName = $ld.VolumeName # System volumeSerial = $ld.VolumeSerialNumber # 12345678 } } } } } } else { Get-WmiObject -Query "select * from Win32_DiskDrive" | Where-Object { $_.Size } | ForEach-Object { $d = $_ $d | ForEach-Object { $Disk = $_ $p = Get-WmiObject -Query "ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskDrive.DeviceID='$($Disk.DeviceID)'} WHERE AssocClass = Win32_DiskDriveToDiskPartition" $p | ForEach-Object { $Partition = $_ Get-WmiObject -Query "ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskPartition.DeviceID='$($Partition.DeviceID)'} WHERE AssocClass = Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition" | ForEach-Object { $ld = $_ [PSCustomObject]@{ driveName = $ld.DeviceId # C: IsSystemDrive = if ($p | Where-Object { $_.BootPartition }) { $true }else { $false } freeSpace = $ld.FreeSpace # in bytes totalSpace = $ld.Size # in bytes fileSystem = $ld.FileSystem # NTFS physicalName = $d.Name # .PHYSICALDRIVE2 diskName = $d.Caption # WDC WD5001AALS-xxxxxx diskModel = $d.Model # WDC WD5001AALS-xxxxxx diskInterface = $d.InterfaceType # IDE mediaStatus = $d.Status # OK volumeName = $ld.VolumeName # System volumeSerial = $ld.VolumeSerialNumber # 12345678 } } } } } } } } process { # Get values from parameters $Settings = [PSCustomObject]@{ SystemDrive = [PSCustomObject]@{ MinFreePercent = if ($env:SystemDriveMinFreePercent) { $env:SystemDriveMinFreePercent -replace '%' }else { $SystemDriveMinFreePercent } MinFreeBytes = if ($env:SystemDriveMinFreeBytes) { Get-Size -Size $env:SystemDriveMinFreeBytes }else { $SystemDriveMinFreeBytes } } DataDrive = [PSCustomObject]@{ MinFreePercent = if ($env:DataDriveMinFreePercent) { $env:DataDriveMinFreePercent -replace '%' }else { $DataDriveMinFreePercent } MinFreeBytes = if ($env:DataDriveMinFreeBytes) { Get-Size -Size $env:DataDriveMinFreeBytes }else { $DataDriveMinFreeBytes } } } # Get values from custom field if ($SystemDriveMinFreePercentCustomField) { $Settings.SystemDrive.MinFreePercent = Ninja-Property-Get -Name $SystemDriveMinFreePercentCustomField } if ($SystemDriveMinFreeBytesCustomField) { $Settings.SystemDrive.MinFreeBytes = Ninja-Property-Get -Name $SystemDriveMinFreeBytesCustomField } if ($DataDriveMinFreePercentCustomField) { $Settings.DataDrive.MinFreePercent = Ninja-Property-Get -Name $DataDriveMinFreePercentCustomField } if ($DataDriveMinFreeBytesCustomField) { $Settings.DataDrive.MinFreeBytes = Ninja-Property-Get -Name $DataDriveMinFreeBytesCustomField } if ($env:ExcludeDrives) { $ExcludeDrives = $env:ExcludeDrives } if ($ExcludeDrivesCustomField) { $ExcludeDrives = Ninja-Property-Get -Name $ExcludeDrivesCustomField } if ($env:ExcludeDrivesByName) { $ExcludeDrivesByName = $env:ExcludeDrivesByName } if ($env:ExcludeDrivesByNameCustomField) { $ExcludeDrivesByNameCustomField = $env:ExcludeDrivesByNameCustomField } # System.IO.DriveInfo is usable as far back as .NET 2.0 for Windows 7 compatibility. # Reference: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.io.driveinfo?view=netstandard-2.0 # Get drives that are in the ready state $Drives = Get-Drive $Results = if ($Drives) { $DrivesFiltered = if ($ExcludeDrivesByName) { $Drives | Where-Object { $_.volumeName -notlike "*$ExcludeDrivesByName*" } } else { $Drive } if ($ExcludeDrives) { $DriveAlerts = Invoke-DiskAlert -Drives $DrivesFiltered $DriveList = if ($ExcludeDrives -like "*,*") { $ExcludeDrives -split ',' | Sort-Object -Unique } else { $ExcludeDrives -split '' | Sort-Object -Unique | Select-Object -Skip 1 } $DriveList | ForEach-Object { $Drive = $_ $DriveAlerts | Where-Object { $_ -notlike "*$($Drive):*" } } } else { Invoke-DiskAlert -Drives $Drives $DrivesFiltered } } else { # Should never get here, how was the script executed?! "No drives found?!" | Out-String | Write-Host exit 2 } if ($Results) { $Results | Out-String | Write-Host exit 1 } else { Write-Host "No drives found with low free space." exit 0 } } end { $ScriptVariables = @( [PSCustomObject]@{ name = "Exclude Drives" calculatedName = "excludedrives" required = $false defaultValue = $null valueType = "TEXT" valueList = $null description = "List if mounted drives to exclude from low drive check. Example: CFZ or C,F,Z" } [PSCustomObject]@{ name = "Exclude Drives Custom Field" calculatedName = "excludedrivescustomfield" required = $false defaultValue = $null valueType = "TEXT" valueList = $null description = "A custom field to get the value from. List if mounted drives to exclude from low drive check. Example: CFZ or C,F,Z" } [PSCustomObject]@{ name = "Exclude Drives By Name" calculatedName = "excludedrivesbyname" required = $false defaultValue = $null valueType = "TEXT" valueList = $null description = "Exclude drives with with the specified text in it's name/label." } [PSCustomObject]@{ name = "Exclude Drives By Name Custom Field" calculatedName = "excludedrivesbynamecustomfield" required = $false defaultValue = $null valueType = "TEXT" valueList = $null description = "A custom field to get the value from. Exclude drives with with the specified text in it's name/label." } [PSCustomObject]@{ name = "System Drive Minimum Size in Percent" calculatedName = "systemdriveminfreepercent" required = $false defaultValue = [PSCustomObject]@{ type = "TEXT" value = "10%" } valueType = "TEXT" valueList = $null description = "The percentage of free space to alert on when the OS drive is below this percentage. Example: 50 or 50%" } [PSCustomObject]@{ name = "System Drive Minimum Size in Bytes" calculatedName = "systemdriveminfreebytes" required = $false defaultValue = [PSCustomObject]@{ type = "TEXT" value = "10GB" } valueType = "TEXT" valueList = $null description = "The minimum free space to alert on when the OS drive is below this amount. Example: 50GB, 50000MB, or 53687091200" } [PSCustomObject]@{ name = "Data Drive Minimum Size in Percent" calculatedName = "datadriveminfreepercent" required = $false defaultValue = [PSCustomObject]@{ type = "TEXT" value = "20%" } valueType = "TEXT" valueList = $null description = "The percentage of free space to alert on when a Data drive is below this percentage. Example: 50 or 50%" } [PSCustomObject]@{ name = "Data Drive Minimum Size in Bytes" calculatedName = "datadriveminfreebytes" required = $false defaultValue = [PSCustomObject]@{ type = "TEXT" value = "20GB" } valueType = "TEXT" valueList = $null description = "The minimum free space to alert on when the Data drive is below this amount. Example: 50GB, 50000MB, or 53687091200" } [PSCustomObject]@{ name = "System Drive Minimum Size in Percent Custom Field" calculatedName = "systemdriveminfreepercentcustomfield" required = $false defaultValue = $null valueType = "TEXT" valueList = $null description = "A custom field to get the value from. The percentage of free space to alert on when the OS drive is below this percentage. Example: 50 or 50%" } [PSCustomObject]@{ name = "System Drive Minimum Size in Bytes Custom Field" calculatedName = "systemdriveminfreebytescustomfield" required = $false defaultValue = $null valueType = "TEXT" valueList = $null description = "A custom field to get the value from. The minimum free space to alert on when the OS drive is below this amount. Example: 50GB, 50000MB, or 53687091200" } [PSCustomObject]@{ name = "Data Drive Minimum Size in Percent Custom Field" calculatedName = "datadriveminfreepercentscustomfield" required = $false defaultValue = $null valueType = "TEXT" valueList = $null description = "A custom field to get the value from. The percentage of free space to alert on when a Data drive is below this percentage. Example: 50 or 50%" } [PSCustomObject]@{ name = "Data Drive Minimum Size in Bytes Custom Field" calculatedName = "datadriveminfreebytescustomfield" required = $false defaultValue = $null valueType = "TEXT" valueList = $null description = "A custom field to get the value from. The minimum free space to alert on when the Data drive is below this amount. Example: 50GB, 50000MB, or 53687091200" } ) $ScriptName = "Condition Low Disk Space Alert" }
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Så fungerar skriptet för övervakning av diskutrymme
Skriptet samlar först in information om alla enheter i systemet. Den filtrerar sedan bort de enheter som du har valt att utesluta och kontrollerar de återstående mot de parametrar som du har ställt in. Om någon enhet hamnar under den angivna miniminivån för ledigt utrymme kommer skriptet att varna dig, så att du kan vidta åtgärder innan det blir ett problem. En av de mest framstående funktionerna i detta skript är dess förmåga att hämta värden från anpassade fält. Det innebär att du kan ange värden globalt eller från roller, vilket ger skriptet ytterligare ett lager av anpassningsmöjligheter.
Transformera IT-hanteringen med NinjaOne
Även om det är möjligt att övervaka diskutrymme strikt med PowerShell från en lokal dator, finns det ett ännu bättre sätt att hantera dina IT-resurser, på distans och i stor skala – NinjaOne. NinjaOne är en unified IT management-plattform som införlivar saneringssteg, med skript om det behövs, i mycket flexibla enhetspolicyer som avgör när tröskelvärden för varningar uppnås och vilka efterföljande steg som bör tas. NinjaOne ger tillgång till hundratals skript som du kan ha nytta av, och möjlighet att skapa egna i nästan vilket skriptspråk som helst. NinjaOne kan hjälpa dig att övervaka och hantera alla dina IT-enheter i stor skala från en enda kontrollpanel. Med policyer och skript kan du automatisera praktiskt taget alla rutinuppgifter, från installation av programuppdateringar till generering av rapporter, spara tid och proaktivt hantera problem innan de blir problem.